Washington / AIANNHCE 1735 / Federally-recognized area

Kalispel

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

58.0%25/3 availability

52.8%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

12Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Kalispel within Washington, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Kalispel Reservation in Washington is the primary broadband planning geography for this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 7.3 square miles. FCC BDC records show 12 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 562 service locations, and current service levels of 58.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 52.8% at 100/20, and 13.8% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Tribal lands in Washington are associated with Kalispel, a federally recognized tribe. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.kalispeltribe.com

The Kalispel Tribe of Indians maintains harmony with the Pend Oreille River and thrives through cultural pride and community efforts. The Kalispel Tribe owns and operates more than a dozen businesses and enterprises in and around the Pend Oreille area. We believe in building a strong community and our economic development opportunities emphasize our commitment to the land and people.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	758	899	672	957	763	864
Households	220	272	228	384	284	293
Median age	22.8	25.3	24.2	25.3	25.3	25.9
Male / Female	48.9% / 51.1%	49.6% / 50.4%	44.6% / 55.4%	49.6% / 50.4%	54.7% / 45.3%	52.7% / 47.3%
Avg. household size	3.42	3.29	2.93	2.47	2.65	2.91
Pop. density (per sq mi)	104.1	123.4	92.3	131.4	104.7	118.6
HH density (per sq mi)	30.2	37.3	31.3	52.7	39.0	40.2

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$38,500	$35,676	$27,500	$29,828	$31,591	$39,861
Per capita income	$16,087	$15,544	$15,882	$17,515	$20,530	$22,168
Poverty rate	24.1%	31.1%	46.1%	47.1%	26.9%	27.2%
Unemployment rate	5.9%	15.5%	7.1%	6.7%	7.3%	9.4%
HS diploma or higher	71.4%	76.0%	60.0%	54.7%	50.5%	57.2%
Bachelor's degree or higher	8.2%	12.7%	7.9%	15.0%	9.3%	14.5%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	83.4 Mbps	26.4 Mbps
2019Q2	107.7 Mbps	26.0 Mbps
2019Q3	83.4 Mbps	29.2 Mbps
2019Q4	162.2 Mbps	15.5 Mbps
2020Q1	151.5 Mbps	22.1 Mbps
2020Q2	130.2 Mbps	18.7 Mbps
2020Q3	140.0 Mbps	35.1 Mbps
2020Q4	188.0 Mbps	20.3 Mbps
2021Q1	210.3 Mbps	26.9 Mbps
2021Q2	216.5 Mbps	22.9 Mbps
2021Q3	249.4 Mbps	21.2 Mbps
2021Q4	289.3 Mbps	28.2 Mbps
2022Q1	215.6 Mbps	88.9 Mbps
2022Q2	267.9 Mbps	93.2 Mbps
2022Q3	154.6 Mbps	55.9 Mbps
2022Q4	251.4 Mbps	74.1 Mbps
2023Q1	262.9 Mbps	24.0 Mbps
2023Q2	108.4 Mbps	29.9 Mbps
2023Q3	115.0 Mbps	19.2 Mbps
2023Q4	158.2 Mbps	32.0 Mbps
2024Q1	281.5 Mbps	54.6 Mbps
2024Q2	155.9 Mbps	36.6 Mbps
2024Q3	183.9 Mbps	41.3 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	57.1%	53.0%	0.0%
2016	100.0%	95.8%	0.0%
2017	100.0%	95.8%	0.0%
2018	100.0%	97.3%	0.0%
2019	100.0%	97.3%	0.0%
2020	100.0%	97.3%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	66.0%	66.0%
2022	69.3%	69.3%	0.1%
2023	67.2%	67.2%	1.9%
2024	58.0%	52.8%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	38.3%	33.3%
2018	43.8%	37.5%
2019	45.5%	67.9%
2020	46.3%	68.4%
2021	62.3%	76.3%
2022	75.3%	76.5%
2023	82.0%	83.3%
2024	82.3%	85.9%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	58.0%
100/20 Mbps	52.8%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	58.0%	92%
100/20 Mbps	52.8%	85%
Adoption	82.3%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	12
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	562

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Comcast Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
Martell Enterprises, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Wired or Wireless, Inc.	—
MiFiber Holding, LLC	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Northwest Fiber, LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	85.2%
Fiber	6.6%	6.6%	2.1%	2.1%
Cable	97.2%	97.2%	97.2%	85.2%
Fixed Wireless	99.3%	97.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	1.2%	0.7%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	97.5%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	95.8%
Total area (sq mi)	12.429

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	98.3	94.0	94.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.7	89.5	89.5	89.5	85.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.0	89.5	89.5	89.5	85.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	89.5	85.2
Any Terrestrial	99.0	96.3	96.3	89.5	85.2
Cable	85.2	85.2	85.2	85.2	85.2
Cable/Fiber	85.2	85.2	85.2	85.2	85.2
Copper	4.5	4.3	4.3	4.3	0.0
Fiber	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	94.0	94.0	94.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	97.4	97.4	97.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	88.1	83.8	83.8	83.8	79.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	88.1	83.8	83.8	83.8	79.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	79.9
Any Terrestrial	98.3	98.3	98.3	83.8	79.9
Cable	79.9	79.9	79.9	79.9	79.9
Cable/Fiber	79.9	79.9	79.9	79.9	79.9
Copper	8.5	3.9	3.9	3.9	0.0
Fiber	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	97.4	97.4	97.4	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	95.5	95.5	95.5	14.6	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	88.0	88.0	88.0	88.0	80.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	88.0	88.0	88.0	88.0	80.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	80.6
Any Terrestrial	97.6	97.6	97.6	88.0	80.6
Cable	80.6	80.6	80.6	80.6	80.6
Cable/Fiber	80.6	80.6	80.6	80.6	80.6
Copper	15.2	7.5	7.5	7.5	0.0
Fiber	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	14.9	14.6	14.6	14.6	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	95.5	95.5	95.5	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.0	96.0	96.0	7.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	88.8	88.3	83.8	83.1	80.8	60.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	89.0	88.3	83.8	83.1	80.8	60.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	80.8	60.0
Any Terrestrial	98.3	98.3	96.5	83.1	80.8	60.0
Cable	80.8	80.8	80.8	80.8	80.8	60.0
Cable/Fiber	80.8	80.8	80.8	80.8	80.8	60.0
Copper	8.5	7.5	3.0	2.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.7	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	11.2	7.5	7.5	7.5	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	96.0	96.0	96.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	96.2	96.2	96.2	80.1	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	89.1	88.6	83.9	81.8	79.6	56.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	89.1	88.6	83.9	81.8	79.6	56.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	79.6	56.2
Any Terrestrial	98.3	98.3	96.7	82.2	79.6	56.2
Cable	79.6	79.6	79.6	79.6	79.6	56.2
Cable/Fiber	79.6	79.6	79.6	79.6	79.6	56.2
Copper	9.9	9.0	4.3	2.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.4	6.4	0.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	7.1	7.1	7.1	7.1	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	96.2	96.2	96.2	80.1	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	97.8	97.8	97.8	85.9	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	91.7	91.4	88.9	87.2	85.6	74.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.7	91.4	88.9	87.2	85.6	74.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	74.8
Any Terrestrial	99.4	99.4	98.3	87.5	85.6	74.8
Cable	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	74.8
Cable/Fiber	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	85.6	74.8
Copper	7.2	5.8	3.3	1.6	0.0	0.0
Fiber	5.8	5.8	5.8	5.8	1.9	1.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	11.4	11.4	11.4	7.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	97.8	97.8	97.8	85.9	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.