South Carolina / AIANNHCE 0525 / Federally-recognized area

Catawba

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

100.0%25/3 availability

100.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

7Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Catawba within South Carolina, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Catawba Reservation is a reservation in South Carolina associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 1.6 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 7 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 840 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 100.0% at 100/20, and 100.0% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Catawba is a federally recognized tribe in South Carolina with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.catawba.com

The Home Page page for Catawba functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe. The page includes sections on Maps & Directions.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	1,288	1,330	1,061	900	750	789
Households	473	486	332	277	227	233
Median age	32.2	32.5	30.4	29.9	29.4	28.3
Male / Female	53.2% / 46.8%	52.2% / 47.8%	46.6% / 53.4%	47.8% / 52.2%	44.7% / 55.3%	43.9% / 56.1%
Avg. household size	2.72	2.74	3.20	3.24	3.28	3.35
Pop. density (per sq mi)	798.6	824.7	657.9	558.0	465.1	489.2
HH density (per sq mi)	293.3	301.4	205.9	171.8	140.8	144.5

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$35,754	$36,500	$42,083	$37,232	$42,386	$48,750
Per capita income	$15,442	$16,528	$16,149	$22,576	$21,114	$22,579
Poverty rate	21.1%	22.1%	19.8%	21.1%	22.7%	22.8%
Unemployment rate	12.3%	9.1%	7.0%	8.7%	7.7%	7.3%
HS diploma or higher	50.5%	49.5%	54.2%	53.7%	54.1%	51.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher	11.8%	10.0%	5.8%	6.9%	9.8%	8.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	9.6 Mbps	0.5 Mbps
2019Q2	2.8 Mbps	0.8 Mbps
2019Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2019Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q2	48.2 Mbps	20.4 Mbps
2020Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q2	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q3	52.9 Mbps	0.5 Mbps
2021Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q2	350.1 Mbps	51.5 Mbps
2022Q3	298.5 Mbps	80.1 Mbps
2022Q4	260.8 Mbps	43.8 Mbps
2023Q1	291.4 Mbps	186.3 Mbps
2023Q2	193.2 Mbps	69.5 Mbps
2023Q3	302.0 Mbps	291.8 Mbps
2023Q4	347.5 Mbps	246.5 Mbps
2024Q1	292.7 Mbps	71.5 Mbps
2024Q2	200.3 Mbps	130.2 Mbps
2024Q3	286.4 Mbps	129.4 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	100.0%	0.3%	0.3%
2016	100.0%	43.5%	0.3%
2017	100.0%	71.9%	0.3%
2018	100.0%	71.9%	0.3%
2019	100.0%	71.9%	0.3%
2020	100.0%	100.0%	0.3%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2022	99.7%	99.7%	66.8%
2023	100.0%	100.0%	99.7%
2024	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	55.5%	51.8%
2018	64.4%	52.7%
2019	61.1%	50.0%
2020	65.0%	61.4%
2021	64.5%	71.4%
2022	62.8%	90.5%
2023	66.5%	88.6%
2024	72.1%	90.3%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	100.0%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	100.0%	92%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%	85%
Adoption	72.1%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	7
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	840

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
Comporium, Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	99.8%
Fiber	99.8%	99.8%	99.8%	99.8%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	33.5%	33.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	77.8%
Total area (sq mi)	4.74

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	75.4	28.9	28.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	99.7	99.7	99.7	66.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	99.7	99.7	99.7	66.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.7	99.7	66.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	99.7	99.7	99.7	66.8
Cable	32.9	32.9	32.9	32.9	32.9	0.0
Cable/Fiber	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	66.8
Copper	0.3	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	66.8	66.8	66.8	66.8	66.8	66.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	75.4	28.9	28.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	48.0	23.1	23.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	48.0	23.1	23.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	47.7	28.6	28.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	47.7	28.6	28.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	23.2	7.7	7.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	23.2	7.7	7.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	51.5	38.8	38.8	34.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	51.5	38.8	38.8	34.5	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	47.1	33.5	33.5	33.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8
Copper	1.7	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	47.1	33.5	33.5	33.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.