Oklahoma / AIANNHCE 5860 / Oklahoma Tribal area

Tonkawa

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

95.8%25/3 availability

92.7%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

13Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Tonkawa within Oklahoma, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

In Oklahoma, this federally recognized tribe uses T onkawa as its main tribal area, and it . FCC BDC records show 13 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers serving roughly 2,236 service locations, with current availability of 95.8% at 25/3 Mbps, 92.7% at 100/20, and 69.8% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Tonkawa in Oklahoma is an Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area (OTSA), a Census statistical geography intended to represent the former reservation area associated with the tribe rather than a current reservation or trust land base. Boundary records for Tonkawa show about 142.5 square miles (91,193 acres) for this Oklahoma Tribal area, centered near latitude 36.6786409 and longitude -97.3522193. Local FCC BDC records indicate 13 fixed providers and 5 mobile providers across about 2,236 service units, with roughly 100.0% fixed 100/20 coverage.

Website Summary: tonkawatribe.com

Tonkawa Tribal Language App is now Available on Android/Apple Devices Tonkawa Tribal Members and their immediate family, Tonkawa Tribal Employees and their immediate family (Immediate family includes your children) are invited for an exclusive sneak peek of the new entertainment center in Stillwater, Oklahoma! The website includes sections on Forms & Resources, Forms, Directory, News & Events, News, and Events.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	3,890	4,017	3,982	3,835	3,815	3,836
Households	1,545	1,649	1,654	1,522	1,480	1,456
Median age	34.2	37.1	37.4	37.3	36.7	34.7
Male / Female	52.0% / 48.0%	50.1% / 49.9%	49.4% / 50.6%	50.7% / 49.3%	50.2% / 49.8%	48.4% / 51.6%
Avg. household size	2.46	2.38	2.36	2.39	2.41	2.41
Pop. density (per sq mi)	27.3	28.2	27.9	26.9	26.8	26.9
HH density (per sq mi)	10.8	11.6	11.6	10.7	10.4	10.2

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$47,853	$52,379	$51,901	$56,318	$58,406	$59,342
Per capita income	$25,109	$26,515	$26,118	$27,440	$28,993	$28,287
Poverty rate	17.9%	15.8%	15.5%	16.4%	16.1%	16.1%
Unemployment rate	5.6%	5.1%	5.5%	6.3%	5.5%	4.4%
HS diploma or higher	63.6%	65.2%	65.3%	66.5%	68.0%	68.3%
Bachelor's degree or higher	20.9%	21.6%	21.7%	21.9%	22.7%	21.8%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	43.5 Mbps	10.2 Mbps
2019Q2	35.3 Mbps	5.2 Mbps
2019Q3	41.2 Mbps	15.2 Mbps
2019Q4	49.0 Mbps	10.3 Mbps
2020Q1	27.8 Mbps	4.6 Mbps
2020Q2	35.4 Mbps	5.6 Mbps
2020Q3	53.0 Mbps	8.2 Mbps
2020Q4	52.2 Mbps	8.8 Mbps
2021Q1	54.6 Mbps	15.7 Mbps
2021Q2	52.4 Mbps	10.4 Mbps
2021Q3	55.4 Mbps	12.2 Mbps
2021Q4	75.9 Mbps	12.3 Mbps
2022Q1	67.0 Mbps	12.2 Mbps
2022Q2	65.5 Mbps	9.8 Mbps
2022Q3	101.2 Mbps	31.2 Mbps
2022Q4	314.0 Mbps	275.4 Mbps
2023Q1	177.3 Mbps	125.4 Mbps
2023Q2	199.6 Mbps	145.9 Mbps
2023Q3	228.7 Mbps	192.6 Mbps
2023Q4	202.1 Mbps	143.9 Mbps
2024Q1	239.3 Mbps	187.5 Mbps
2024Q2	207.6 Mbps	126.4 Mbps
2024Q3	244.6 Mbps	161.1 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	79.8%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	80.0%	80.0%	0.0%
2017	100.0%	80.3%	0.0%
2018	99.9%	80.2%	0.0%
2019	96.7%	80.6%	0.3%
2020	91.5%	87.1%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	79.5%	0.0%
2022	78.7%	76.7%	69.3%
2023	78.3%	76.5%	70.4%
2024	95.8%	92.7%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	50.6%	45.9%
2018	49.6%	49.1%
2019	49.9%	53.4%
2020	52.5%	57.0%
2021	52.0%	63.9%
2022	51.6%	67.9%
2023	54.6%	72.6%
2024	56.5%	71.6%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	95.8%
100/20 Mbps	92.7%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	95.8%	92%
100/20 Mbps	92.7%	85%
Adoption	56.5%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	13
Mobile broadband providers	5
Broadband serviceable locations	2,236

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Cable One, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
KanOkla Telephone Association, Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
Pioneer Telephone Cooperative (OK)	—
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
AMG Technology Investment Group LLC	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Clarity Telecom, LLC	—
Chisholm Broadband	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	60.7%
Fiber	60.7%	60.7%	60.7%	60.7%
Cable	74.9%	74.9%	74.9%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	99.5%	99.5%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	98.7%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	92.2%
Total area (sq mi)	343.7

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	99.5	99.3	99.3	99.3	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	76.6	76.0	75.5	75.5	75.5	68.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	90.5	82.5	77.8	76.0	75.5	68.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.3	75.5	68.9
Any Terrestrial	99.5	99.3	99.3	99.3	75.5	68.9
Cable	75.5	75.5	75.5	75.5	75.5	0.0
Cable/Fiber	75.5	75.5	75.5	75.5	75.5	68.9
Copper	66.8	58.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	68.9	68.9	68.9	68.9	68.9	68.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	76.2	55.4	2.2	0.5	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	99.3	99.3	99.3	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	99.7	99.6	99.5	99.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	74.9	74.3	74.0	74.0	74.0	67.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	86.2	83.3	77.0	75.3	74.0	67.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	74.0	67.2
Any Terrestrial	99.7	99.6	99.5	99.5	74.0	67.2
Cable	74.0	74.0	74.0	74.0	74.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	74.0	74.0	74.0	74.0	74.0	67.2
Copper	65.2	57.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	67.2	67.2	67.2	67.2	67.2	67.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	73.9	71.2	22.8	1.3	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	99.6	99.6	99.5	99.5	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	99.8	99.8	99.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	74.9	74.3	73.8	73.8	73.8	59.6
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	87.3	84.4	76.8	75.2	73.8	59.6
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	73.8	59.6
Any Terrestrial	100.0	99.8	99.8	99.8	73.8	59.6
Cable	73.8	73.8	73.8	73.8	73.8	0.0
Cable/Fiber	73.8	73.8	73.8	73.8	73.8	59.6
Copper	65.0	57.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	59.6	59.6	59.6	59.6	59.6	59.6
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	75.7	73.0	12.9	2.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	99.8	99.8	99.8	99.8	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	76.8	76.6	76.4	76.4	76.4	61.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.5	94.6	93.3	93.1	76.4	61.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	76.4	61.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	76.4	61.8
Cable	76.3	76.3	76.3	76.3	76.3	0.0
Cable/Fiber	76.4	76.4	76.4	76.4	76.4	61.8
Copper	14.6	12.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	61.8	61.8	61.8	61.8	61.8	61.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.5	94.6	93.2	93.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	99.7	99.7	99.7	99.7	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	99.8	99.6	99.6	99.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	76.7	76.5	76.3	76.3	76.3	61.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.4	94.7	93.3	93.1	76.3	61.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	76.3	61.4
Any Terrestrial	99.8	99.6	99.6	99.5	76.3	61.4
Cable	76.2	76.2	76.2	76.2	76.2	0.0
Cable/Fiber	76.3	76.3	76.3	76.3	76.3	61.4
Copper	12.4	10.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	61.4	61.4	61.4	61.4	61.4	61.4
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.3	94.6	93.3	93.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	98.9	98.9	98.7	98.6	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	99.5	99.5	99.5	99.5	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	75.4	75.3	75.2	75.2	75.2	60.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	94.5	94.0	92.6	92.4	75.2	60.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	60.7
Any Terrestrial	99.6	99.6	99.6	99.6	75.2	60.7
Cable	74.9	74.9	74.9	74.9	74.9	0.0
Cable/Fiber	75.2	75.2	75.2	75.2	75.2	60.7
Copper	11.4	9.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	60.7	60.7	60.7	60.7	60.7	60.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	94.1	93.6	92.1	91.9	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	96.6	96.6	96.5	96.5	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.