Oklahoma / AIANNHCE 5780 / Oklahoma Tribal area

Pawnee

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

91.8%25/3 availability

72.5%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

15Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Pawnee within Oklahoma, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Federally recognized tribe in Oklahoma, centered on Pawnee, . FCC BDC records show 15 fixed providers and 6 mobile providers across roughly 9,410 service locations, with current availability of 91.8% at 25/3 Mbps, 72.5% at 100/20, and 43.0% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Pawnee in Oklahoma is an Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area (OTSA), a Census statistical geography intended to represent the former reservation area associated with the tribe rather than a current reservation or trust land base. Boundary records for Pawnee show about 515.0 square miles (329,617 acres) for this Oklahoma Tribal area, centered near latitude 36.3095441 and longitude -96.6765095. Local FCC BDC records indicate 15 fixed providers and 6 mobile providers across about 9,410 service units, with roughly 100.0% fixed 100/20 coverage.

Website Summary: pawneenation.org

The Pawnee website provides information about tribal government, community services, and local resources. The site includes sections on Culture, Pawnee History, Pawnee Nation Flag and Seal, Pawnee Language, and Pawnee Nation Princess. The homepage currently emphasizes practical information and community updates more than a long historical overview.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	16,188	16,130	15,418	15,417	15,389	15,579
Households	6,103	6,184	5,822	5,875	5,907	6,023
Median age	42.0	42.2	41.8	41.7	42.0	41.6
Male / Female	50.1% / 49.9%	50.3% / 49.7%	50.9% / 49.1%	50.8% / 49.2%	50.3% / 49.7%	50.6% / 49.4%
Avg. household size	2.62	2.57	2.62	2.58	2.57	2.55
Pop. density (per sq mi)	31.4	31.3	29.9	29.9	29.9	30.3
HH density (per sq mi)	11.8	12.0	11.3	11.4	11.5	11.7

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$47,991	$50,976	$53,039	$56,106	$57,352	$58,464
Per capita income	$24,339	$25,247	$26,234	$28,320	$28,943	$29,088
Poverty rate	15.9%	15.5%	15.0%	15.1%	17.1%	18.2%
Unemployment rate	4.0%	3.9%	3.9%	3.6%	3.6%	4.5%
HS diploma or higher	68.2%	68.6%	67.2%	66.4%	67.1%	64.8%
Bachelor's degree or higher	16.7%	17.5%	17.1%	16.1%	16.0%	16.7%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	7.8 Mbps	3.0 Mbps
2019Q2	11.4 Mbps	6.2 Mbps
2019Q3	8.0 Mbps	2.2 Mbps
2019Q4	8.2 Mbps	1.9 Mbps
2020Q1	8.4 Mbps	2.1 Mbps
2020Q2	7.9 Mbps	1.7 Mbps
2020Q3	7.4 Mbps	2.2 Mbps
2020Q4	9.0 Mbps	3.0 Mbps
2021Q1	10.7 Mbps	3.3 Mbps
2021Q2	13.3 Mbps	4.2 Mbps
2021Q3	13.2 Mbps	3.6 Mbps
2021Q4	14.2 Mbps	2.8 Mbps
2022Q1	35.6 Mbps	4.3 Mbps
2022Q2	35.9 Mbps	6.4 Mbps
2022Q3	20.8 Mbps	6.4 Mbps
2022Q4	29.0 Mbps	9.3 Mbps
2023Q1	26.6 Mbps	7.2 Mbps
2023Q2	37.5 Mbps	24.6 Mbps
2023Q3	28.6 Mbps	9.1 Mbps
2023Q4	67.1 Mbps	27.6 Mbps
2024Q1	75.2 Mbps	26.8 Mbps
2024Q2	82.3 Mbps	32.0 Mbps
2024Q3	107.8 Mbps	47.3 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	28.5%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	36.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	50.5%	0.1%	0.0%
2021	99.8%	12.0%	12.0%
2022	72.4%	55.5%	37.5%
2023	84.2%	61.7%	40.3%
2024	91.8%	72.5%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	36.8%	37.6%
2018	38.4%	36.0%
2019	39.3%	37.7%
2020	40.8%	39.2%
2021	41.9%	41.7%
2022	44.7%	48.5%
2023	45.6%	59.7%
2024	49.2%	65.6%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	91.8%
100/20 Mbps	72.5%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	91.8%	92%
100/20 Mbps	72.5%	85%
Adoption	49.2%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	15
Mobile broadband providers	6
Broadband serviceable locations	9,410

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	NBVDS Investment, LLC
NBVDS Investment, LLC	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
AtLink Services, LLC	—
AMG Technology Investment Group LLC	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Professional Value Internet Services, LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Central Rural Electric Cooperative	—
AirLink Internet Services	—
K-Powernet, LLC	—
Osage, LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	99.9%	43.8%
Fiber	43.8%	43.8%	43.8%	43.8%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	70.9%	59.1%	4.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	27.1%	14.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	99.9%	99.9%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	98.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	92.8%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	69.4%
Total area (sq mi)	1,286.004

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	61.0	25.4	25.4	12.7	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	69.4	68.5	68.1	55.9	38.0	38.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	83.4	73.3	73.2	56.7	38.0	38.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	59.4	38.0	38.0
Any Terrestrial	86.0	77.1	77.0	59.4	38.0	38.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0
Copper	57.2	52.2	30.1	17.9	0.0	0.0
Fiber	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0	38.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	54.4	15.9	15.9	6.3	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	99.9	99.9	99.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	19.7	19.6	19.6	7.7	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	41.2	31.6	31.4	13.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	72.1	71.4	71.0	58.5	40.7	40.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	83.1	80.6	80.5	60.9	40.7	40.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	40.7	40.7
Any Terrestrial	85.7	83.6	83.3	63.6	40.7	40.7
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7
Copper	57.5	52.8	30.4	17.8	0.0	0.0
Fiber	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7	40.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	33.3	23.3	23.3	8.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	21.6	21.2	20.9	7.8	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	69.5	62.3	55.6	18.0	1.3	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	72.3	71.6	71.3	58.9	41.7	41.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	89.5	84.8	84.1	62.6	43.0	41.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	43.0	41.7
Any Terrestrial	91.0	87.4	86.7	65.2	43.0	41.7
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7
Copper	57.4	52.5	29.6	17.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7	41.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	65.2	56.5	49.0	12.8	1.3	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	23.4	23.4	23.3	9.4	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	76.5	66.5	61.4	30.1	0.2	0.1
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	72.0	71.3	70.9	58.2	41.2	41.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.2	87.5	86.9	69.9	41.3	41.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	41.3	41.3
Any Terrestrial	92.5	89.2	88.6	70.9	41.3	41.3
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2
Copper	56.8	51.9	29.7	17.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2	41.2
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	73.5	62.4	56.4	28.9	0.1	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	22.0	22.0	21.9	8.0	0.1	0.1

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	76.1	67.3	62.3	40.6	0.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9	0.0	0.0
All Wired	72.1	71.4	71.0	58.9	44.5	44.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.2	88.5	87.8	73.0	45.4	44.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9	45.4	44.5
Any Terrestrial	92.4	89.9	89.3	73.5	45.4	44.5
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5
Copper	53.5	48.9	26.6	14.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5	44.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	73.1	63.7	57.7	40.1	0.9	0.0
NGSO Satellite	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	10.2	10.2	10.1	1.8	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	83.3	75.8	70.9	59.1	4.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9	99.9	0.0
All Wired	71.3	71.1	70.9	58.1	43.8	43.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.0	93.1	93.0	79.4	46.2	43.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.9	43.8
Any Terrestrial	95.7	93.9	93.8	79.6	46.2	43.8
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8
Copper	36.0	34.8	27.1	14.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8	43.8
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	81.4	73.3	67.9	58.9	4.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	99.9	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	11.8	11.8	11.8	4.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.