The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
97.7%25/3 availability
93.4%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
49Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Cherokee within Oklahoma, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Federally recognized tribe in Oklahoma, centered on Cherokee, . FCC BDC records show 49 fixed providers and 7 mobile providers across roughly 281,404 service locations, with current availability of 97.7% at 25/3 Mbps, 93.4% at 100/20, and 64.9% at 1000/100.
Tribal Area Description
Cherokee in Oklahoma is an Oklahoma Tribal Statistical Area (OTSA), a Census statistical geography intended to represent the former reservation area associated with the tribe rather than a current reservation or trust land base. Boundary records for Cherokee show about 6694.1 square miles (4,284,203 acres) for this Oklahoma Tribal area, centered near latitude 36.2236395 and longitude -95.1847784. Local FCC BDC records indicate 49 fixed providers and 7 mobile providers across about 281,404 service units, with roughly 100.0% fixed 100/20 coverage.
Since launching the Gadugi Corps volunteer program, the grassroots initiative has empowered Cherokee Nation citizens across the reservation and beyond to act in their communities and help give back to the tribe. The Cherokee Nation is a sovereign tribal government. From Cherokee artists, musicians, leadership and more, “Siyo from the Rez” features Cherokee Nation citizens who are working to revitalize and preserve the Cherokee culture, while making changes in their communities across the Cherokee Nation Reservation and beyond. The Cherokee Nation is expanding its commitment to preserving traditional agriculture with the launch of Harvesting Our Heritage, a new initiative that will provide heirloom seeds to Community and Cultural Outreach-participating organizations across the country for community gardens and citizen distribution. The Cherokee Nation is the federally-recognized government of the Cherokee people and has inherent sovereign status recognized by treaty and law.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
518,991
520,027
513,176
512,883
517,108
521,336
Households
193,933
196,123
191,466
193,492
196,715
199,888
Median age
38.3
38.5
38.4
38.5
38.6
38.6
Male / Female
49.3% / 50.7%
49.4% / 50.6%
49.7% / 50.3%
49.8% / 50.2%
49.7% / 50.3%
49.6% / 50.4%
Avg. household size
2.63
2.61
2.64
2.60
2.58
2.56
Pop. density (per sq mi)
77.5
77.7
76.7
76.6
77.3
77.9
HH density (per sq mi)
29.0
29.3
28.6
28.9
29.4
29.9
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$48,201
$49,140
$51,796
$56,988
$59,140
$60,360
Per capita income
$24,911
$26,584
$27,199
$30,127
$31,246
$32,230
Poverty rate
18.3%
17.5%
17.3%
17.0%
17.0%
16.7%
Unemployment rate
6.2%
6.1%
6.2%
5.6%
5.5%
5.6%
HS diploma or higher
63.8%
64.8%
64.9%
65.2%
65.5%
66.2%
Bachelor's degree or higher
20.3%
20.3%
20.8%
21.4%
22.0%
22.4%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
65.7 Mbps
33.4 Mbps
2019Q2
69.1 Mbps
35.6 Mbps
2019Q3
77.4 Mbps
38.0 Mbps
2019Q4
80.9 Mbps
40.2 Mbps
2020Q1
86.8 Mbps
42.5 Mbps
2020Q2
90.0 Mbps
46.2 Mbps
2020Q3
97.4 Mbps
46.6 Mbps
2020Q4
111.2 Mbps
51.5 Mbps
2021Q1
117.7 Mbps
57.5 Mbps
2021Q2
139.0 Mbps
56.0 Mbps
2021Q3
137.7 Mbps
61.4 Mbps
2021Q4
147.9 Mbps
70.4 Mbps
2022Q1
159.2 Mbps
75.4 Mbps
2022Q2
154.0 Mbps
76.4 Mbps
2022Q3
172.1 Mbps
85.3 Mbps
2022Q4
190.2 Mbps
103.4 Mbps
2023Q1
190.4 Mbps
108.7 Mbps
2023Q2
195.8 Mbps
105.8 Mbps
2023Q3
200.2 Mbps
105.2 Mbps
2023Q4
210.2 Mbps
107.3 Mbps
2024Q1
233.9 Mbps
123.3 Mbps
2024Q2
238.5 Mbps
125.8 Mbps
2024Q3
255.8 Mbps
139.6 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
61.6%
37.0%
0.4%
2016
80.3%
47.1%
5.5%
2017
83.0%
60.2%
9.6%
2018
88.2%
66.7%
21.3%
2019
90.0%
71.0%
29.4%
2020
95.5%
75.5%
37.9%
2021
96.4%
83.7%
49.5%
2022
91.5%
80.6%
45.8%
2023
96.2%
90.7%
57.0%
2024
97.7%
93.4%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
45.9%
42.1%
2018
46.6%
45.7%
2019
47.9%
50.3%
2020
50.3%
56.1%
2021
52.4%
59.4%
2022
54.8%
62.2%
2023
58.2%
65.4%
2024
61.6%
68.6%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
97.7%
100/20 Mbps
93.4%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
97.7%
92%
100/20 Mbps
93.4%
85%
Adoption
61.6%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
49
Mobile broadband providers
7
Broadband serviceable locations
281,404
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
AT&T Inc.
AT&T Inc.
Atlas Telephone Company, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Bixby Telephone Company
NBVDS Investment, LLC
Cable One, Inc.
Pine Telephone Company
Consolidated Communications, Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Cox Communications, Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.
Craw-Kan Telephone Cooperative Inc.
Dish Network Corporation
Altice USA
—
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
—
Dobson Technologies, Inc.
—
Grand Telephone Company
—
EchoStar Corporation
—
NBVDS Investment, LLC
—
Zayo Group, LLC
—
Oregon Telephone Corporation
—
Salina Spavinaw Telephone Company Inc.
—
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
—
Totah Communications, Inc.
—
Windstream Holdings, Inc.
—
Verizon Communications Inc.
—
Wave Wireless LLC
—
JAB Wireless, Inc.
—
WEHCO Video, Inc.
—
City of Coffeyville
—
Aristotle Unified Communications Inc.
—
AtLink Services, LLC
—
AMG Technology Investment Group LLC
—
JMZ Corporation
—
Lake Region Technology & Communications LLC
—
The Junction Internet LLC
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Clarity Telecom, LLC
—
Northeast Rural Services, Inc.
—
AWC, LLC
—
Fiber Platform, LLC
—
Ozarks Electric Cooperative, Inc.
—
Arkansas Valley Electric Cooperative Corporation
—
Vyve Broadband Investments (GTCR)
—
East Central Oklahoma Electric Cooperative
—
Lost Creek Wireless, LLC
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Wisper ISP, Inc.
—
City of Sallisaw
—
Cookson Hills Electric Cooperative
—
K-Powernet, LLC
—
Osage, LLC
—
360 Communications, Inc. (OK, AR & TX)
—
Bartnet IP LLC
—
Connect Holding II LLC
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
65.0%
Fiber
61.6%
61.6%
60.1%
60.1%
Cable
51.7%
51.7%
50.4%
10.5%
Fixed Wireless
71.5%
51.3%
9.5%
0.1%
Copper (DSL)
15.9%
3.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
97.7%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
84.8%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
70.6%
Total area (sq mi)
16,886.38
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
88.6
75.4
67.4
9.7
2.5
0.2
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
87.6
86.1
84.2
80.6
78.8
44.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
97.4
95.3
91.5
81.4
79.0
44.1
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.3
79.4
44.2
Any Terrestrial
98.3
97.0
95.3
82.3
79.4
44.2
Cable
52.9
52.9
52.9
52.9
51.8
0.0
Cable/Fiber
79.9
79.9
79.9
79.9
78.8
44.1
Copper
46.3
33.8
17.8
3.4
0.0
0.0
Fiber
46.4
46.4
46.4
46.3
45.3
44.1
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
84.1
66.8
46.4
7.4
1.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
61.5
61.4
57.6
3.3
2.0
0.2
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
79.4
71.9
60.6
31.2
2.2
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
87.4
85.6
83.6
80.1
78.2
52.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
96.5
95.3
91.0
84.8
78.3
52.4
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
78.6
52.4
Any Terrestrial
97.4
96.5
94.2
86.1
78.6
52.4
Cable
49.9
49.9
49.9
49.9
48.4
7.5
Cable/Fiber
79.4
79.4
79.4
79.4
78.2
52.4
Copper
45.5
33.9
18.0
3.4
0.0
0.0
Fiber
50.5
50.5
50.5
50.4
49.3
48.1
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
76.6
68.3
49.9
26.1
1.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
44.6
44.3
44.3
15.7
1.6
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
83.8
76.2
66.2
35.1
5.7
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
89.3
87.7
86.1
83.1
80.8
55.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
97.9
97.1
95.0
88.9
82.0
55.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.1
55.0
Any Terrestrial
98.5
97.7
96.4
90.0
82.1
55.0
Cable
52.8
52.8
52.8
52.8
51.5
7.5
Cable/Fiber
82.5
82.5
82.5
82.5
80.8
55.0
Copper
45.0
33.1
17.8
3.3
0.0
0.0
Fiber
53.6
53.6
53.6
53.6
52.1
50.8
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
81.5
73.3
58.9
30.7
5.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
43.9
43.6
42.6
15.9
1.7
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
83.3
77.7
66.1
33.2
6.3
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
88.1
87.0
85.6
82.8
80.5
59.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
97.8
97.3
95.0
87.9
81.7
59.9
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
81.9
59.9
Any Terrestrial
98.3
97.7
95.7
88.3
81.9
59.9
Cable
51.9
51.9
51.9
51.9
50.6
8.2
Cable/Fiber
82.3
82.3
82.3
82.3
80.5
59.9
Copper
40.8
30.8
17.6
3.3
0.0
0.0
Fiber
57.0
57.0
57.0
57.0
55.6
55.6
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
81.7
75.7
62.8
32.3
5.7
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
28.8
28.0
18.4
2.8
1.7
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
86.2
81.2
70.9
49.1
6.6
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
87.9
87.0
85.5
82.8
80.6
62.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.1
97.6
95.8
92.2
82.5
62.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
82.5
62.0
Any Terrestrial
98.4
98.0
96.2
92.4
82.5
62.0
Cable
52.0
52.0
52.0
52.0
50.5
10.2
Cable/Fiber
82.3
82.3
82.3
82.3
80.6
62.0
Copper
39.7
30.1
16.3
3.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
58.4
58.4
58.4
58.4
56.9
56.9
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
85.2
79.8
68.5
47.8
6.5
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
19.7
18.1
6.8
2.1
0.1
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
86.7
81.0
71.5
51.3
9.5
0.1
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
88.2
87.4
86.1
83.7
81.6
64.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
98.3
97.8
96.3
92.8
84.5
64.9
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
65.0
Any Terrestrial
98.5
98.2
96.7
93.1
84.8
65.0
Cable
51.7
51.7
51.7
51.7
50.4
10.5
Cable/Fiber
83.3
83.3
83.3
83.3
81.6
64.9
Copper
30.9
24.7
15.9
3.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
61.6
61.6
61.6
61.6
60.1
60.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
85.7
79.8
69.4
49.6
8.9
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
19.8
18.2
7.2
2.7
0.7
0.1
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.