New York / AIANNHCE 2555 / Federally-recognized area

Oneida Indian Nation

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

97.4%25/3 availability

95.9%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

13Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Oneida Indian Nation within New York, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 423 square miles of land plus roughly 3.3 square miles of water in New York, Oneida Indian Nation Reservation serves as the core reservation for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 13 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 31,975 service locations, with current availability of 97.4% at 25/3 Mbps, 95.9% at 100/20, and 15.5% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Located in New York, Oneida Indian Nation is a federally recognized tribe with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.oneidaindiannation.com

Nearly 200 Oneida Indian Nation Members and their guests filled the atrium of the Mary C. The coin has been created as part of a federal program that celebrates the contributions of tribal nations and Native American individuals to the country’s development and growth. The 90,000-Square-Foot-Community Center Is Among the Largest Tribal Centers of Its Kind in the Country and Will Offer Resources to Strengthen the Oneida Community. Engage with the people and services at the heart of our Nation’s governance. Do you know why a bear has a short tail and why sometimes can be heard growling in the woods for what seems like no particular reason?

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	14	65,052	63,542	62,773	62,378	61,992
Households	4	24,981	24,456	24,909	25,655	26,174
Median age	—	44.1	44.9	44.9	45.7	46.0
Male / Female	0.0% / 100.0%	50.2% / 49.8%	50.0% / 50.0%	50.0% / 50.0%	50.1% / 49.9%	49.6% / 50.4%
Avg. household size	3.50	2.54	2.53	2.46	2.37	2.31
Pop. density (per sq mi)	0.0	153.8	150.2	148.4	147.4	146.5
HH density (per sq mi)	0.0	59.0	57.8	58.9	60.6	61.9

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	—	$64,313	$65,647	$70,800	$73,905	$75,737
Per capita income	—	$32,251	$33,518	$37,261	$40,086	$41,282
Poverty rate	0.0%	8.6%	8.3%	8.7%	8.9%	9.5%
Unemployment rate	100.0%	4.5%	4.9%	4.7%	4.2%	4.3%
HS diploma or higher	28.6%	75.1%	75.1%	75.4%	74.9%	75.5%
Bachelor's degree or higher	28.6%	23.7%	23.5%	24.8%	25.7%	27.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	95.6 Mbps	13.3 Mbps
2019Q2	72.2 Mbps	10.8 Mbps
2019Q3	83.2 Mbps	11.9 Mbps
2019Q4	97.6 Mbps	12.9 Mbps
2020Q1	100.6 Mbps	13.8 Mbps
2020Q2	102.0 Mbps	12.8 Mbps
2020Q3	120.5 Mbps	14.7 Mbps
2020Q4	126.5 Mbps	15.9 Mbps
2021Q1	157.2 Mbps	14.4 Mbps
2021Q2	176.4 Mbps	18.5 Mbps
2021Q3	156.2 Mbps	17.3 Mbps
2021Q4	152.8 Mbps	19.8 Mbps
2022Q1	183.1 Mbps	22.4 Mbps
2022Q2	172.2 Mbps	24.0 Mbps
2022Q3	195.9 Mbps	22.9 Mbps
2022Q4	215.6 Mbps	23.6 Mbps
2023Q1	227.9 Mbps	28.9 Mbps
2023Q2	203.0 Mbps	34.9 Mbps
2023Q3	201.5 Mbps	26.1 Mbps
2023Q4	222.2 Mbps	29.9 Mbps
2024Q1	279.3 Mbps	59.2 Mbps
2024Q2	252.9 Mbps	66.5 Mbps
2024Q3	247.0 Mbps	40.7 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	94.5%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	94.6%	54.5%	0.0%
2017	94.6%	94.6%	0.0%
2018	95.9%	95.9%	0.0%
2019	96.1%	95.9%	0.3%
2020	99.3%	96.3%	4.8%
2021	98.7%	97.5%	9.7%
2022	95.6%	94.2%	12.0%
2023	96.6%	95.6%	12.4%
2024	97.4%	95.9%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	0.0%	0.0%
2018	0.0%	0.0%
2019	100.0%	0.0%
2020	70.5%	63.1%
2021	72.1%	66.4%
2022	72.9%	67.4%
2023	72.8%	67.3%
2024	74.5%	68.5%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	97.4%
100/20 Mbps	95.9%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	97.4%	92%
100/20 Mbps	95.9%	85%
Adoption	74.5%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	13
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	31,975

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
Charter Communications	AT&T Inc.
Frontier Communications Corporation	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
Atlas Connectivity, LLC	—
Northland Telephone Systems	—
Firstlight Fiber, Inc.	—
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	—
Windstream Holdings, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
Adirondack Techs, LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	14.0%
Fiber	21.5%	21.5%	21.5%	14.0%
Cable	83.1%	83.1%	83.1%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	58.9%	43.4%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	8.7%	4.0%	0.1%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	99.3%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	93.7%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	84.1%
Total area (sq mi)	1,050.586

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	73.5	37.0	37.0	6.2	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	92.1	0.0	0.0
All Wired	96.9	94.6	92.1	91.1	91.0	7.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	98.4	95.6	93.3	91.2	91.0	7.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	99.0	91.0	7.0
Any Terrestrial	98.4	95.6	93.3	91.2	91.0	7.0
Cable	83.6	83.6	83.6	83.6	83.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0	91.0	7.0
Copper	63.6	33.8	8.3	2.1	0.1	0.0
Fiber	14.4	14.4	14.4	14.4	14.4	7.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	73.5	37.0	37.0	6.2	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	92.1	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	69.8	42.8	42.8	25.3	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	96.1	94.0	91.7	90.8	90.5	7.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	97.1	94.9	93.0	91.8	90.5	7.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.5	7.0
Any Terrestrial	97.1	94.9	93.0	91.8	90.5	7.0
Cable	83.0	83.0	83.0	83.0	83.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	90.5	90.5	90.5	90.5	90.5	7.0
Copper	58.4	32.0	8.5	3.6	0.1	0.0
Fiber	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	7.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	69.8	42.8	42.8	25.3	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	70.2	45.0	45.0	26.3	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.8	93.1	91.8	90.9	90.6	7.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.4	94.1	93.0	91.9	90.6	7.5
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.6	7.5
Any Terrestrial	95.4	94.1	93.0	91.9	90.6	7.5
Cable	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	0.0
Cable/Fiber	90.6	90.6	90.6	90.6	90.6	7.5
Copper	19.7	17.7	9.0	4.1	0.1	0.0
Fiber	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	14.8	7.5
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	70.2	45.0	45.0	26.3	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	64.2	47.0	47.0	27.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.7	93.1	91.8	91.0	90.6	9.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.3	94.4	93.4	92.0	90.6	9.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.6	9.9
Any Terrestrial	95.3	94.4	93.4	92.0	90.6	9.9
Cable	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	0.0
Cable/Fiber	90.6	90.6	90.6	90.6	90.6	9.9
Copper	15.1	14.1	8.9	4.1	0.0	0.0
Fiber	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	9.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	64.2	47.0	47.0	27.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	68.6	52.8	52.8	32.9	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	93.7	93.1	91.8	91.0	90.7	10.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.2	94.4	93.4	92.1	90.7	10.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.7	10.3
Any Terrestrial	95.2	94.4	93.4	92.1	90.7	10.3
Cable	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	0.3
Cable/Fiber	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	10.3
Copper	15.5	14.4	8.7	3.9	0.0	0.0
Fiber	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	17.4	9.9
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	68.6	52.8	52.8	32.9	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	74.0	58.9	58.9	43.4	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	93.8	93.2	91.8	91.0	90.7	14.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.4	94.6	93.5	92.6	90.7	14.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	14.0
Any Terrestrial	95.4	94.6	93.5	92.6	90.7	14.0
Cable	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	83.1	0.0
Cable/Fiber	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	90.7	14.0
Copper	15.7	14.6	8.7	4.0	0.1	0.0
Fiber	21.5	21.5	21.5	21.5	21.5	14.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	74.0	58.9	58.9	43.4	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.