New Mexico / AIANNHCE 4770 / Federally-recognized area

Zia

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

10.1%25/3 availability

0.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

9Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Zia within New Mexico, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Federally recognized tribe in New Mexico, centered on Zia Pueblo, spans about 188 square miles. FCC BDC records show 9 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 269 service locations, with current availability of 10.1% at 25/3 Mbps, and 0.0% at 100/20.

Tribal Area Description

In New Mexico, Zia has pueblo lands managed by a federally recognized tribe. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.ziapueblo.org

The Housing Services page for Zia functions as a community information page rather than a long-form tribal history. It emphasizes local contacts, community resources, and links to regional programs and services. The available content is oriented toward practical resources rather than a dedicated narrative profile for the tribe.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	939	845	873	899	793	770
Households	222	220	198	221	186	173
Median age	27.7	29.8	27.7	29.8	28.5	31.4
Male / Female	45.7% / 54.3%	47.3% / 52.7%	45.9% / 54.1%	44.0% / 56.0%	45.1% / 54.9%	47.0% / 53.0%
Avg. household size	4.23	3.84	4.41	4.07	4.26	4.45
Pop. density (per sq mi)	5.0	4.5	4.7	4.8	4.2	4.1
HH density (per sq mi)	1.2	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.0	0.9

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$43,182	$44,375	$48,125	$55,724	$56,250	$56,518
Per capita income	$12,701	$13,774	$14,675	$19,651	$20,686	$18,884
Poverty rate	22.1%	18.3%	14.1%	8.6%	8.3%	5.8%
Unemployment rate	17.4%	13.8%	14.8%	10.0%	9.5%	11.6%
HS diploma or higher	49.3%	49.7%	52.8%	60.8%	62.5%	60.9%
Bachelor's degree or higher	6.2%	5.3%	5.0%	5.1%	7.3%	11.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	0.4 Mbps	0.4 Mbps
2019Q2	6.8 Mbps	5.3 Mbps
2019Q3	32.0 Mbps	1.8 Mbps
2019Q4	14.3 Mbps	4.4 Mbps
2020Q1	30.1 Mbps	39.2 Mbps
2020Q2	1.0 Mbps	0.3 Mbps
2020Q3	14.8 Mbps	3.4 Mbps
2020Q4	25.8 Mbps	7.8 Mbps
2021Q1	12.9 Mbps	3.8 Mbps
2021Q2	51.3 Mbps	59.8 Mbps
2021Q3	21.5 Mbps	15.6 Mbps
2021Q4	12.4 Mbps	3.4 Mbps
2022Q1	15.7 Mbps	4.9 Mbps
2022Q2	21.4 Mbps	1.8 Mbps
2022Q3	15.5 Mbps	4.7 Mbps
2022Q4	27.8 Mbps	5.9 Mbps
2023Q1	26.2 Mbps	12.8 Mbps
2023Q2	63.9 Mbps	34.0 Mbps
2023Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2024Q1	188.4 Mbps	6.7 Mbps
2024Q2	96.0 Mbps	14.3 Mbps
2024Q3	99.1 Mbps	12.5 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	89.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	19.2%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	19.2%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	19.2%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	19.2%	14.1%	0.0%
2020	49.8%	19.2%	0.0%
2021	2.5%	0.0%	0.0%
2022	88.2%	0.0%	0.0%
2023	3.4%	0.0%	0.0%
2024	10.1%	0.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	9.6%	14.3%
2018	9.9%	16.0%
2019	5.9%	14.0%
2020	8.6%	9.1%
2021	12.1%	26.2%
2022	9.5%	21.4%
2023	9.7%	24.0%
2024	22.5%	17.9%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	10.1%
100/20 Mbps	0.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	10.1%	92%
100/20 Mbps	0.0%	85%
Adoption	22.5%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	9
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	269

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
ATN International, Inc.	AT&T Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
Windstream Holdings, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Internet Services, LLC	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	98.6%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	87.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	79.7%
Total area (sq mi)	7.268

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	99.1	87.3	87.3	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	70.3	2.4	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.5	87.7	87.3	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	99.5	87.7	87.3	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	70.3	2.4	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.1	87.3	87.3	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	74.5	1.9	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	1.9	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	74.5	1.9	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.3	2.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	76.5	2.5	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	5.4	2.9	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	95.3	2.9	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	76.5	2.5	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	2.9	2.9	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	95.3	95.3	0.0	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.9	1.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	72.2	2.6	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	4.4	1.9	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	95.9	1.9	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	72.2	2.6	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	1.9	1.9	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	95.9	95.9	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.9	6.7	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	72.2	2.6	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	9.3	6.7	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	95.9	6.7	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	72.2	2.6	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	6.7	6.7	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	95.9	95.9	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	95.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	72.5	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	95.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	72.5	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	95.9	95.9	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.