New Mexico / AIANNHCE 3370 / Federally-recognized area

Sandia

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

100.0%25/3 availability

100.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

14Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Sandia within New Mexico, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 38 square miles in New Mexico, Sandia Pueblo serves as the core pueblo for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 14 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 2,655 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 100.0% at 100/20, and 0.1% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Located in New Mexico, Sandia is a federally recognized tribe with reservation lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: sandiapueblo.nsn.us

Constance Anderson, Medical Community Health Representative, and Paula Carrasco, Public Health Nurse (PHN) are available to help patients stay well by monitoring their vital signs when making home visits to the elderly and other patients as needed. The website includes sections on Departments, Human Resources, Benefits, Tribal Police, Spd, and C. O. P.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	5,126	5,905	5,306	5,173	4,866	4,847
Households	1,878	2,130	2,102	2,108	1,897	1,890
Median age	40.3	39.9	42.7	43.7	43.3	42.4
Male / Female	50.9% / 49.1%	48.8% / 51.2%	50.7% / 49.3%	50.7% / 49.3%	48.8% / 51.2%	48.3% / 51.7%
Avg. household size	2.73	2.77	2.52	2.45	2.57	2.56
Pop. density (per sq mi)	133.3	153.6	138.0	134.5	126.5	126.0
HH density (per sq mi)	48.8	55.4	54.7	54.8	49.3	49.1

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$38,873	$38,009	$39,364	$45,846	$49,175	$51,080
Per capita income	$19,474	$19,308	$21,747	$24,910	$26,943	$28,074
Poverty rate	22.5%	27.5%	25.5%	24.3%	25.7%	24.8%
Unemployment rate	7.4%	7.4%	7.6%	8.1%	6.6%	6.9%
HS diploma or higher	58.8%	55.9%	55.7%	55.7%	58.0%	58.6%
Bachelor's degree or higher	11.9%	12.1%	11.7%	11.9%	13.4%	14.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	64.8 Mbps	37.9 Mbps
2019Q2	58.6 Mbps	22.6 Mbps
2019Q3	85.3 Mbps	22.6 Mbps
2019Q4	82.3 Mbps	18.0 Mbps
2020Q1	78.7 Mbps	7.5 Mbps
2020Q2	88.5 Mbps	11.8 Mbps
2020Q3	77.8 Mbps	11.2 Mbps
2020Q4	113.4 Mbps	10.4 Mbps
2021Q1	83.7 Mbps	12.4 Mbps
2021Q2	99.6 Mbps	14.6 Mbps
2021Q3	86.5 Mbps	33.2 Mbps
2021Q4	96.7 Mbps	42.4 Mbps
2022Q1	106.2 Mbps	34.2 Mbps
2022Q2	112.1 Mbps	35.6 Mbps
2022Q3	108.1 Mbps	24.0 Mbps
2022Q4	124.3 Mbps	19.6 Mbps
2023Q1	156.7 Mbps	18.0 Mbps
2023Q2	176.9 Mbps	26.6 Mbps
2023Q3	159.1 Mbps	46.7 Mbps
2023Q4	170.8 Mbps	35.6 Mbps
2024Q1	214.6 Mbps	26.2 Mbps
2024Q2	173.3 Mbps	41.0 Mbps
2024Q3	187.1 Mbps	48.8 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	100.0%	95.5%	0.0%
2016	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%
2017	100.0%	95.9%	0.0%
2018	100.0%	95.9%	0.0%
2019	100.0%	95.9%	0.0%
2020	100.0%	100.0%	99.1%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	73.9%
2022	89.7%	87.5%	0.0%
2023	100.0%	100.0%	0.1%
2024	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	41.9%	42.1%
2018	42.6%	52.3%
2019	39.6%	52.1%
2020	41.1%	47.1%
2021	43.8%	48.3%
2022	47.8%	46.1%
2023	53.2%	42.7%
2024	57.4%	50.0%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	100.0%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	100.0%	92%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%	85%
Adoption	57.4%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	14
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	2,655

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
ATN International, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Lumen Technologies, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
Comcast Corporation	Dish Network Corporation
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	—
EchoStar Corporation	—
PCC Holdings, Inc.	—
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Lobo Internet Services, Ltd.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Internet Services, LLC	—
Fiber Platform, LLC	—
NMsurf, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	87.6%	87.6%	87.6%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	7.2%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	96.0%
Total area (sq mi)	5.267

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	9.9	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	18.4	0.0
All Wired	95.6	87.3	86.5	85.8	85.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.3	89.6	89.0	86.9	85.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	90.8	85.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	88.7	85.8
Cable	85.8	85.8	85.8	85.8	85.8
Cable/Fiber	85.8	85.8	85.8	85.8	85.8
Copper	72.2	24.7	7.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	91.0	21.3	21.3	3.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	18.4	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	6.9	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	7.1	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	98.3	90.1	88.6	87.8	87.8
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	99.0	92.5	91.3	88.5	87.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.8
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	88.5	87.8
Cable	87.8	87.8	87.8	87.8	87.8
Cable/Fiber	87.8	87.8	87.8	87.8	87.8
Copper	74.3	26.6	7.8	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	85.8	33.2	33.2	7.1	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	21.7	21.7
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	92.8	86.2	82.8	81.6	81.6	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	81.6	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.9	21.7
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.9	21.7
Cable	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	0.0
Cable/Fiber	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	81.6	0.0
Copper	73.9	63.3	8.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	21.7	21.7	21.7

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	28.6	28.6
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	95.6	89.1	85.6	84.4	84.4	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	84.4	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	93.4	28.6
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	93.4	28.6
Cable	84.4	84.4	84.4	84.4	84.4	0.0
Cable/Fiber	84.4	84.4	84.4	84.4	84.4	0.0
Copper	74.3	63.6	8.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	28.6	28.6	28.6

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	98.7	91.8	88.4	87.2	87.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.2
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.2
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.2
Cable	87.2	87.2	87.2	87.2	87.2
Cable/Fiber	87.2	87.2	87.2	87.2	87.2
Copper	75.1	63.6	8.5	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	32.1	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	98.7	92.2	88.2	87.7	87.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	87.7
Cable	87.7	87.7	87.7	87.7	87.7
Cable/Fiber	87.7	87.7	87.7	87.7	87.7
Copper	74.5	63.9	7.2	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	29.8	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.