Nevada / AIANNHCE 4635 / Federally-recognized area

Winnemucca

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

100.0%25/3 availability

100.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

11Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Winnemucca within Nevada, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Winnemucca Indian Colony is a colony in Nevada associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 0.6 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 11 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 12 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 100.0% at 100/20, and 65.5% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Winnemucca is a federally recognized tribe in Nevada with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: winnemuccaindiancolony.org

Our Mission The Winnemucca Indian Colony is a federally recognized Tribe located within Humboldt County, Nevada. The Colony has been deprived of the use of its lands for nearly 22 years since the assassination of its Chairman in February 2000. This Colony has fought for these lands and for the right to govern its lands.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	32	36	27	32	35	23
Households	21	29	21	24	26	19
Median age	53.5	60.6	60.2	55.7	55.3	60.8
Male / Female	46.9% / 53.1%	63.9% / 36.1%	59.3% / 40.7%	56.3% / 43.8%	51.4% / 48.6%	52.2% / 47.8%
Avg. household size	1.52	1.24	1.29	1.33	1.35	1.21
Pop. density (per sq mi)	57.3	64.5	48.3	57.3	62.7	41.2
HH density (per sq mi)	37.6	51.9	37.6	43.0	46.5	34.0

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$16,042	—	—	—	—	—
Per capita income	$16,988	$16,153	$14,226	$16,147	$20,700	$14,130
Poverty rate	46.9%	47.2%	48.1%	50.0%	37.1%	43.5%
Unemployment rate	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	5.3%	4.5%	7.1%
HS diploma or higher	27.6%	21.2%	25.0%	29.6%	28.1%	—
Bachelor's degree or higher	—	—	—	—	—	—

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	9.2 Mbps	1.4 Mbps
2019Q2	9.3 Mbps	2.0 Mbps
2019Q3	8.7 Mbps	3.2 Mbps
2019Q4	19.4 Mbps	4.0 Mbps
2020Q1	13.3 Mbps	3.4 Mbps
2020Q2	9.5 Mbps	4.3 Mbps
2020Q3	18.0 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2020Q4	23.3 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2021Q1	85.2 Mbps	7.1 Mbps
2021Q2	61.8 Mbps	7.3 Mbps
2021Q3	124.0 Mbps	8.6 Mbps
2021Q4	32.8 Mbps	2.8 Mbps
2022Q1	68.4 Mbps	5.2 Mbps
2022Q2	106.0 Mbps	9.0 Mbps
2022Q3	67.0 Mbps	8.2 Mbps
2022Q4	163.6 Mbps	19.3 Mbps
2023Q1	108.1 Mbps	14.3 Mbps
2023Q2	98.7 Mbps	10.8 Mbps
2023Q3	80.5 Mbps	17.1 Mbps
2023Q4	149.0 Mbps	14.4 Mbps
2024Q1	157.0 Mbps	30.1 Mbps
2024Q2	48.2 Mbps	11.4 Mbps
2024Q3	107.0 Mbps	16.7 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	28.6%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2020	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2022	99.7%	99.7%	0.0%
2023	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2024	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	15.0%	7.1%
2018	15.8%	6.7%
2019	19.0%	21.4%
2020	34.5%	47.6%
2021	52.4%	84.6%
2022	58.3%	100.0%
2023	46.2%	91.7%
2024	63.2%	81.8%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	100.0%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	100.0%	92%
100/20 Mbps	100.0%	85%
Adoption	63.2%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	11
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	12

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
ATN International, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	World Mobile Networks, LLC
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Zito West Holding, LLC	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Hot Spot Broadband, Inc.	—
Wi-Fiber, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
World Mobile Networks, LLC	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	91.7%
Fiber	91.7%	91.7%	91.7%	91.7%
Cable	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	100.0%
Total area (sq mi)	1.685

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	98.0	98.0	98.0	98.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	98.0
Cable	98.0	98.0	98.0	98.0	98.0
Cable/Fiber	98.0	98.0	98.0	98.0	98.0
Copper	54.0	52.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	24.0	24.0	24.0	24.0	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	97.5
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	97.5	97.5	97.5	97.5	97.5
Cable/Fiber	97.5	97.5	97.5	97.5	97.5
Copper	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	88.9	88.9	88.9	88.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Cable	88.9	88.9	88.9	88.9	88.9
Cable/Fiber	88.9	88.9	88.9	88.9	88.9
Copper	77.8	66.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Cable	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Copper	75.0	66.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	83.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Cable	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	83.3
Copper	75.0	66.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	83.3	83.3	83.3	83.3	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.7
Any Terrestrial	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.7
Cable	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	91.7
Copper	75.0	66.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7	91.7
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	91.7	91.7	91.7	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.