Connecticut / AIANNHCE 2145 / Federally-recognized area
Mashantucket Pequot
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
100.0%25/3 availability
100.0%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
8Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Mashantucket Pequot within Connecticut, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Mashantucket Pequot Reservation is a reservation in Connecticut associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 2.1 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 8 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 10 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, 100.0% at 100/20, and 15.2% at 1000/100.
Tribal Area Description
Mashantucket Pequot is a federally recognized tribe in Connecticut with reservation lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
The Mashantucket (Western) Pequot Tribal Nation is a federally recognized Indian tribe located at one of America’s oldest Indian reservations, Mashantucket, in Southeastern Connecticut. The tribal seal is a reflection of the Mashantucket Pequot past and a symbol of hope for the future. As one of Connecticut’s highest revenue contributors and largest employers, the Mashantucket Pequots have provided the state more than $4.5 billion in slot revenue through a first-of-its-kind agreement, established in 1993. Likewise, the Tribe has contributed hundreds of millions in donations and sponsorships for the benefit of communities and tribes in need, locally and throughout the U. Framed against the sky, the lone tree on a knoll represents Mashantucket, the “much wooded land” where the Pequots hunted and kept alive their identity as an independent people.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
247
225
117
104
93
86
Households
76
63
40
28
30
20
Median age
30.9
27.8
43.8
34.5
45.5
42.0
Male / Female
60.3% / 39.7%
64.9% / 35.1%
57.3% / 42.7%
55.8% / 44.2%
58.1% / 41.9%
43.0% / 57.0%
Avg. household size
3.25
3.57
2.93
3.71
3.10
4.30
Pop. density (per sq mi)
117.3
106.8
55.5
49.4
44.2
40.8
HH density (per sq mi)
36.1
29.9
19.0
13.3
14.2
9.5
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$106,250
$132,250
$158,750
$103,750
$113,750
$125,000
Per capita income
$41,067
$37,556
$46,326
$29,723
$43,569
$40,907
Poverty rate
2.1%
2.7%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2.4%
Unemployment rate
10.8%
18.9%
5.8%
4.5%
4.3%
4.4%
HS diploma or higher
62.9%
69.5%
72.0%
76.7%
89.2%
79.3%
Bachelor's degree or higher
25.9%
28.8%
30.7%
31.7%
20.3%
29.3%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
45.3 Mbps
32.9 Mbps
2019Q2
46.3 Mbps
25.7 Mbps
2019Q3
40.6 Mbps
43.2 Mbps
2019Q4
66.4 Mbps
52.5 Mbps
2020Q1
82.2 Mbps
52.7 Mbps
2020Q2
122.4 Mbps
60.9 Mbps
2020Q3
119.7 Mbps
33.5 Mbps
2020Q4
115.3 Mbps
34.7 Mbps
2021Q1
118.9 Mbps
49.9 Mbps
2021Q2
129.1 Mbps
123.9 Mbps
2021Q3
106.8 Mbps
101.9 Mbps
2021Q4
152.0 Mbps
109.0 Mbps
2022Q1
113.3 Mbps
105.8 Mbps
2022Q2
144.6 Mbps
101.8 Mbps
2022Q3
138.4 Mbps
84.9 Mbps
2022Q4
116.5 Mbps
122.2 Mbps
2023Q1
159.3 Mbps
93.8 Mbps
2023Q2
201.1 Mbps
63.1 Mbps
2023Q3
205.8 Mbps
84.9 Mbps
2023Q4
133.1 Mbps
87.7 Mbps
2024Q1
119.3 Mbps
103.5 Mbps
2024Q2
92.9 Mbps
46.5 Mbps
2024Q3
114.8 Mbps
52.3 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
55.5%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
61.9%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
61.9%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
61.9%
1.6%
0.0%
2019
61.9%
1.6%
0.0%
2020
61.9%
1.6%
0.0%
2021
66.7%
64.8%
0.0%
2022
98.4%
96.9%
14.0%
2023
100.0%
99.2%
15.0%
2024
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
71.4%
100.0%
2018
75.8%
0.0%
2019
75.0%
0.0%
2020
82.5%
0.0%
2021
82.5%
0.0%
2022
67.9%
0.0%
2023
46.7%
0.0%
2024
75.0%
0.0%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
92%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
85%
Adoption
75.0%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
8
Mobile broadband providers
4
Broadband serviceable locations
10
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
AT&T Inc.
AT&T Inc.
Frontier Communications Corporation
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Comcast Corporation
Verizon Communications Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
Dish Network Corporation
EchoStar Corporation
—
Verizon Communications Inc.
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Fiber
50.0%
50.0%
50.0%
50.0%
Cable
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
Fixed Wireless
30.0%
10.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
84.6%
Total area (sq mi)
1.369
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
64.9
28.0
28.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
16.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
99.4
98.8
98.8
97.6
97.6
16.1
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
97.6
16.1
Any Terrestrial
99.4
98.8
98.8
97.6
97.6
16.1
Cable
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
0.0
Cable/Fiber
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
97.6
16.1
Copper
38.7
38.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
16.1
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
64.9
28.0
28.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
62.7
42.0
42.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.4
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.4
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.4
Cable
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
15.4
Copper
37.3
37.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
15.4
15.4
15.4
15.4
15.4
15.4
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
62.7
42.0
42.0
3.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
62.4
51.7
51.7
3.4
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
13.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
99.5
13.2
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
13.2
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.5
99.5
13.2
Cable
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
0.0
Cable/Fiber
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
99.5
13.2
Copper
30.2
30.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
13.2
13.2
13.2
13.2
13.2
13.2
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
62.4
51.7
51.7
3.4
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
45.9
32.9
32.9
4.3
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
Cable
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.0
Copper
28.5
28.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
45.9
32.9
32.9
4.3
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
50.0
22.3
22.3
3.9
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
Cable
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
13.1
Copper
28.6
28.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
13.1
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
50.0
22.3
22.3
3.9
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
62.0
57.9
57.9
6.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
Cable
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
47.2
Copper
26.9
26.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
62.0
57.9
57.9
6.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.