California / AIANNHCE 4300 / Federally-recognized area

Tule River

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

12.5%25/3 availability

2.2%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

9Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Tule River within California, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Spans about 84 square miles in California, Tule River Reservation serves as the core reservation for this federally recognized tribe. FCC BDC records show 9 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 1 service locations, with current availability of 12.5% at 25/3 Mbps, and 2.2% at 100/20.

Tribal Area Description

Located in California, Tule River is a federally recognized tribe with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: tulerivertribe-nsn.gov

Tule River Tribe of California is a proud sovereign nation that strives to improve the livelihood of their members, their community and their surrounding communities. The Tule River Indian Tribe of California will highlight Tule River Tribal Members and Direct Descendants Class of 2019 High School & College Graduates. The Tule River Native Veterans Post 1987 – Formally, known as “The Tule River AMVETS (American Veterans) Post 1988” was the first all Native American post in the Nation. The Tule River Tribe is currently engaged in Water Rights settlement negotiations with the United States, acting as trustee for the tribe, and downstream users of water from the South Fork of the Tule River. The Tribe is represented in the negotiations by the Tule River Water Rights Negotiation Team, under the.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	1,168	924	903	1,013	913	1,101
Households	371	326	316	301	272	294
Median age	33.4	36.7	35.0	29.8	28.6	26.0
Male / Female	51.5% / 48.5%	53.5% / 46.5%	49.5% / 50.5%	53.6% / 46.4%	52.1% / 47.9%	50.5% / 49.5%
Avg. household size	3.12	2.80	2.83	3.34	3.34	3.74
Pop. density (per sq mi)	13.9	11.0	10.7	12.0	10.8	13.1
HH density (per sq mi)	4.4	3.9	3.8	3.6	3.2	3.5

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$35,536	$39,750	$43,750	$49,625	$54,375	$65,167
Per capita income	$21,362	$32,020	$24,276	$25,563	$22,928	$21,548
Poverty rate	30.8%	31.0%	32.4%	33.9%	33.3%	29.3%
Unemployment rate	15.4%	16.1%	17.5%	19.3%	10.7%	8.7%
HS diploma or higher	61.4%	64.5%	58.8%	54.5%	46.8%	50.9%
Bachelor's degree or higher	3.4%	1.4%	2.5%	1.9%	5.7%	7.8%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	1.3 Mbps	1.1 Mbps
2019Q2	1.2 Mbps	1.4 Mbps
2019Q3	1.1 Mbps	1.6 Mbps
2019Q4	2.7 Mbps	1.3 Mbps
2020Q1	9.2 Mbps	14.0 Mbps
2020Q2	40.3 Mbps	30.2 Mbps
2020Q3	0.7 Mbps	0.8 Mbps
2020Q4	15.1 Mbps	23.3 Mbps
2021Q1	8.9 Mbps	21.8 Mbps
2021Q2	22.2 Mbps	36.5 Mbps
2021Q3	22.1 Mbps	39.0 Mbps
2021Q4	31.9 Mbps	46.4 Mbps
2022Q1	49.9 Mbps	57.3 Mbps
2022Q2	23.8 Mbps	46.4 Mbps
2022Q3	16.0 Mbps	40.9 Mbps
2022Q4	50.8 Mbps	52.2 Mbps
2023Q1	38.7 Mbps	23.1 Mbps
2023Q2	25.7 Mbps	26.9 Mbps
2023Q3	86.5 Mbps	90.2 Mbps
2023Q4	69.5 Mbps	41.4 Mbps
2024Q1	42.1 Mbps	37.6 Mbps
2024Q2	93.4 Mbps	96.7 Mbps
2024Q3	218.8 Mbps	199.7 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	76.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2022	0.3%	0.0%	0.0%
2023	1.4%	1.1%	0.0%
2024	12.5%	2.2%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	23.3%	34.0%
2018	17.7%	28.8%
2019	18.1%	22.2%
2020	14.1%	11.4%
2021	15.5%	17.9%
2022	14.3%	13.0%
2023	18.4%	22.5%
2024	27.6%	33.3%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	12.5%
100/20 Mbps	2.2%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	12.5%	92%
100/20 Mbps	2.2%	85%
Adoption	27.6%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	9
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	1

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Verizon Communications Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.	Dish Network Corporation
Viasat, Inc.	—
California Internet	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—
UnWired Broadband Holding LLC	—
OACYS Technology	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	100.0%
Total area (sq mi)	0.211

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3
All Fixed Wireless	9.6	0.9	0.3
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	9.6	0.9	0.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	9.6	0.9	0.3
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	9.6	0.9	0.3
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.3	0.3

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.1
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.1
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.1
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.1
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.1
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	2.8	2.8	2.8	1.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	2.8	2.8	2.8	2.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	2.8	2.8	2.8	1.9
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	3.5	3.5	3.5	1.9
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	3.5	3.5	3.5	1.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	3.5	3.5	3.5	1.9
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	3.5	3.5	3.5	1.9
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	6.0	5.8	5.8	0.0	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	3.4	3.1	3.1	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	6.0	5.8	5.8	0.0	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	3.4	3.1	3.1	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	2.6	2.6	2.6	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.