California / AIANNHCE 1515 / Federally-recognized area

Hopland

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

69.1%25/3 availability

17.3%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

8Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Hopland within California, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Hopland Rancheria is a rancheria in California associated with this federally recognized tribe, and it spans about 3.1 square miles. The latest FCC BDC filing shows 8 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 131 service locations, with current availability of 69.1% at 25/3 Mbps, and 17.3% at 100/20.

Tribal Area Description

Hopland is a federally recognized tribe in California with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.hoplandtribe.com

The traditional land of the Hopland Band of Pomo Indians is located in the Sanel Valley, and the surrounding areas, of what is now southeastern Mendocino County in the state of California. This has been home to the Hopland People since the beginning of time. Their main village was named Shanel meaning “of the roundhouse” which had five assembly houses and many leaders or “captains” with a population estimated at 1500 before European contact. Sho-Ka-Wah or “east of the river” is the name of the people for themselves in the Central Pomo language.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	258	201	188	219	126	124
Households	83	69	54	81	55	46
Median age	39.3	40.0	40.5	48.0	45.5	35.0
Male / Female	48.8% / 51.2%	46.3% / 53.7%	51.1% / 48.9%	55.3% / 44.7%	58.7% / 41.3%	46.8% / 53.2%
Avg. household size	3.11	2.91	3.48	2.70	2.29	2.70
Pop. density (per sq mi)	82.0	63.9	59.7	69.6	40.0	39.4
HH density (per sq mi)	26.4	21.9	17.2	25.7	17.5	14.6

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$27,083	$45,750	$48,333	$53,472	$56,458	$68,125
Per capita income	$17,872	$21,926	$21,663	$32,611	$37,187	$35,330
Poverty rate	41.5%	27.9%	29.3%	23.3%	21.4%	14.5%
Unemployment rate	38.2%	30.7%	31.5%	29.3%	12.3%	4.5%
HS diploma or higher	43.8%	46.2%	41.6%	41.7%	35.2%	25.0%
Bachelor's degree or higher	14.1%	15.9%	16.8%	18.9%	18.2%	13.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	10.4 Mbps	2.0 Mbps
2019Q2	9.9 Mbps	2.1 Mbps
2019Q3	4.6 Mbps	2.1 Mbps
2019Q4	0.7 Mbps	0.7 Mbps
2020Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2020Q2	25.4 Mbps	25.3 Mbps
2020Q3	1.8 Mbps	1.7 Mbps
2020Q4	21.9 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2021Q1	67.0 Mbps	80.0 Mbps
2021Q2	19.9 Mbps	3.8 Mbps
2021Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2021Q4	33.7 Mbps	22.8 Mbps
2022Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2022Q2	67.9 Mbps	83.8 Mbps
2022Q3	5.2 Mbps	4.8 Mbps
2022Q4	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q1	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps
2023Q2	20.6 Mbps	8.2 Mbps
2023Q3	2.1 Mbps	2.0 Mbps
2023Q4	11.5 Mbps	7.8 Mbps
2024Q1	2.1 Mbps	1.9 Mbps
2024Q2	1.1 Mbps	0.3 Mbps
2024Q3	0.0 Mbps	0.0 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	11.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	11.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	11.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	11.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2020	11.1%	0.0%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2022	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2023	49.4%	18.0%	0.0%
2024	69.1%	17.3%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	9.1%	30.0%
2018	26.6%	42.3%
2019	31.3%	41.9%
2020	39.1%	38.9%
2021	48.1%	66.7%
2022	42.0%	27.8%
2023	49.1%	22.2%
2024	39.1%	16.7%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	69.1%
100/20 Mbps	17.3%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	69.1%	92%
100/20 Mbps	17.3%	85%
Adoption	39.1%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	8
Mobile broadband providers	4
Broadband serviceable locations	131

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.	T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.	Verizon Communications Inc.
Verizon Communications Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Wi-Fiber, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
Fiber	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	94.7%	92.4%	0.0%	0.0%
Copper (DSL)	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	97.4%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	92.1%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	84.2%
Total area (sq mi)	8.005

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	88.8	73.0	31.5	23.6	23.6	23.6
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	71.9	51.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	23.6	23.6	23.6
Any Terrestrial	88.8	73.0	31.5	23.6	23.6	23.6
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	71.9	51.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	51.7	49.4	31.5	23.6	23.6	23.6

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	78.3	77.2	45.6	17.4
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	77.2	76.1	40.2	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	78.3	77.2	45.6	17.4
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	77.2	76.1	40.2	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	25.0	25.0	25.0	17.4

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	82.2	79.4	65.4	34.6
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	81.3	78.5	55.1	17.8
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	82.2	79.4	65.4	34.6
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	81.3	78.5	55.1	17.8
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	34.6	34.6	34.6	34.6

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	85.9	84.4	74.1	21.5
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.4	83.0	71.1	13.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	85.9	84.4	74.1	21.5
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	84.4	83.0	71.1	13.3
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	22.2	22.2	22.2	20.7

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20
All Fixed Wireless	85.3	85.3	54.4	11.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	85.3	85.3	53.7	11.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	85.3	85.3	54.4	11.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	85.3	85.3	53.7	11.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	1.5	1.5	1.5	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	95.4	95.4	94.7	92.4	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
All Wired	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.4	95.4	94.7	92.4	0.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Any Terrestrial	95.4	95.4	94.7	92.4	0.0
Cable	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Cable/Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Copper	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	95.4	95.4	94.7	92.4	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.