California / AIANNHCE 0275 / Federally-recognized area
Big Valley
The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
100.0%25/3 availability
100.0%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
11Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Big Valley within California, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
Federally recognized tribe in California, centered on Big Valley Rancheria, spans about 0.2 square miles. FCC BDC records show 11 fixed providers and 4 mobile providers across roughly 64 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, and 100.0% at 100/20.
Tribal Area Description
In California, Big Valley has rancheria lands managed by a federally recognized tribe. Big Valley Rancheria of Pomo Indians supports housing, healthcare, and cultural revitalization in northern California.
The Big Valley Tribe of Pomo Indians are descendants of the Xa-Ben-Na-Po Band of Pomo Indians that historically have inhabited the Clear Lake area for over 11,800 years. The website includes sections on About Us, Business Committee, Gaming Commission, Administration, Bvr Youth, and Resources.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
168
321
393
396
288
317
Households
40
146
148
159
128
128
Median age
30.0
28.8
31.8
33.7
36.6
36.1
Male / Female
49.4% / 50.6%
63.9% / 36.1%
60.3% / 39.7%
60.6% / 39.4%
67.0% / 33.0%
70.7% / 29.3%
Avg. household size
4.20
2.20
2.66
2.49
2.25
2.48
Pop. density (per sq mi)
901.5
1722.5
2108.9
2125.0
1545.5
1701.1
HH density (per sq mi)
214.7
783.5
794.2
853.2
686.9
686.9
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$33,125
$18,320
$18,438
$21,360
—
—
Per capita income
$10,715
$16,773
$20,742
$24,853
$28,080
$25,913
Poverty rate
54.2%
54.7%
57.5%
50.5%
46.1%
59.3%
Unemployment rate
20.9%
16.7%
19.9%
13.6%
19.4%
23.4%
HS diploma or higher
46.6%
65.2%
59.5%
57.0%
53.4%
60.8%
Bachelor's degree or higher
8.0%
3.1%
1.9%
4.7%
—
—
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
74.6 Mbps
13.6 Mbps
2019Q2
71.4 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
2019Q3
33.0 Mbps
17.6 Mbps
2019Q4
56.5 Mbps
12.1 Mbps
2020Q1
47.8 Mbps
10.6 Mbps
2020Q2
76.9 Mbps
14.6 Mbps
2020Q3
69.3 Mbps
12.1 Mbps
2020Q4
65.5 Mbps
13.8 Mbps
2021Q1
106.8 Mbps
20.7 Mbps
2021Q2
143.7 Mbps
20.6 Mbps
2021Q3
47.8 Mbps
14.6 Mbps
2021Q4
93.5 Mbps
12.0 Mbps
2022Q1
7.6 Mbps
1.4 Mbps
2022Q2
134.8 Mbps
32.1 Mbps
2022Q3
85.8 Mbps
10.3 Mbps
2022Q4
36.2 Mbps
9.2 Mbps
2023Q1
162.4 Mbps
20.3 Mbps
2023Q2
56.8 Mbps
31.4 Mbps
2023Q3
115.9 Mbps
32.7 Mbps
2023Q4
273.8 Mbps
35.9 Mbps
2024Q1
175.2 Mbps
54.6 Mbps
2024Q2
136.9 Mbps
27.7 Mbps
2024Q3
139.0 Mbps
31.1 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2021
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
2022
98.1%
98.1%
0.0%
2023
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
2024
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
32.1%
64.7%
2018
28.9%
28.6%
2019
37.5%
25.0%
2020
15.8%
93.9%
2021
19.6%
94.9%
2022
20.1%
93.4%
2023
17.2%
94.8%
2024
22.7%
96.5%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
92%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
85%
Adoption
22.7%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
11
Mobile broadband providers
4
Broadband serviceable locations
64
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
AT&T Inc.
AT&T Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
T-Mobile USA, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
Mediacom Communications Corp.
Verizon Communications Inc.
Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.
—
Verizon Communications Inc.
—
DigitalPath, Inc.
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Lake County Broadband Solutions, LLC
—
Valley Internet
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Fiber
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Cable
98.4%
98.4%
98.4%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
100.0%
Total area (sq mi)
0.316
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
22.2
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
98.4
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
98.4
0.0
Cable
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Copper
7.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
71.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
22.2
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
57.4
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Cable
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
Copper
7.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
92.7
57.4
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
93.9
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.5
0.0
Cable
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
98.5
0.0
Copper
7.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
95.5
93.9
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
0.0
Cable
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Copper
7.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
95.2
0.0
Cable
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
0.0
Cable/Fiber
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
95.2
0.0
Copper
12.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.4
0.0
Cable
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Cable/Fiber
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
98.4
0.0
Copper
12.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
95.3
95.3
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.