Alaska / AIANNHCE 7400 / Alaska Native area

Salamatof

The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.

90.2%25/3 availability

83.0%100/20 availability

0.0%1000/100 availability

7Fixed providers

Figure 1. Location of Salamatof within Alaska, with boundary detail (inset).

About the Tribal Area

Salamatof Tribe is a village area in Alaska associated with this alaska native village, and it . The latest FCC BDC filing shows 7 fixed providers and 3 mobile providers across roughly 544 service locations, with current availability of 90.2% at 25/3 Mbps, 83.0% at 100/20, and 7.4% at 1000/100.

Tribal Area Description

Salamatof is a federally recognized tribe in Alaska with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.

Website Summary: www.salamatof.com

The Salamatof Native Association, Inc. (SNAI) is a Native Corporation formed under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA). The Salamatof Native Association, Inc. (SNAI) is a Native Corporation formed under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA), with corporate offices and headquarters located in Kenai, Alaska. We are governed by an experienced board of directors and management staff, who are accountable to our shareholders. The majority of the 169 shareholders of the corporation reside in the Kenai Peninsula.

Table 1. Demographics

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Population	992	1,025	1,165	1,189	1,201	1,149
Households	256	241	299	298	302	288
Median age	43.4	41.3	40.1	40.6	39.9	41.5
Male / Female	66.3% / 33.7%	67.9% / 32.1%	65.0% / 35.0%	67.7% / 32.3%	69.0% / 31.0%	71.7% / 28.3%
Avg. household size	2.53	2.87	2.92	2.85	2.76	2.62
Pop. density (per sq mi)	123.5	127.6	145.1	148.1	149.5	143.1
HH density (per sq mi)	31.9	30.0	37.2	37.1	37.6	35.9

Table 2. Economic & Education

Indicator	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Median household income	$61,250	$61,750	$79,844	$63,750	$73,750	$66,500
Per capita income	$23,625	$21,459	$26,480	$24,377	$25,917	$24,527
Poverty rate	15.1%	13.4%	9.6%	13.3%	11.6%	14.2%
Unemployment rate	6.7%	31.8%	26.6%	31.5%	29.0%	34.0%
HS diploma or higher	56.1%	60.2%	62.8%	67.8%	71.8%	72.4%
Bachelor's degree or higher	8.1%	9.8%	10.8%	10.5%	11.2%	12.2%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.

Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)

Period	Download	Upload
2019Q1	7.9 Mbps	2.5 Mbps
2019Q2	28.5 Mbps	14.9 Mbps
2019Q3	22.6 Mbps	16.0 Mbps
2019Q4	12.3 Mbps	7.1 Mbps
2020Q1	22.7 Mbps	13.4 Mbps
2020Q2	27.5 Mbps	21.3 Mbps
2020Q3	26.1 Mbps	22.8 Mbps
2020Q4	30.1 Mbps	10.1 Mbps
2021Q1	26.6 Mbps	17.3 Mbps
2021Q2	38.0 Mbps	11.8 Mbps
2021Q3	26.6 Mbps	10.6 Mbps
2021Q4	61.9 Mbps	14.2 Mbps
2022Q1	36.1 Mbps	11.6 Mbps
2022Q2	38.0 Mbps	9.7 Mbps
2022Q3	24.5 Mbps	8.0 Mbps
2022Q4	26.7 Mbps	13.3 Mbps
2023Q1	31.3 Mbps	10.6 Mbps
2023Q2	27.9 Mbps	12.6 Mbps
2023Q3	50.0 Mbps	16.8 Mbps
2023Q4	93.7 Mbps	12.3 Mbps
2024Q1	51.2 Mbps	14.3 Mbps
2024Q2	53.8 Mbps	9.6 Mbps
2024Q3	46.9 Mbps	10.1 Mbps

Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)

Year	25/3	100/20	1 Gbps
2015	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2016	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2017	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2018	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
2019	99.8%	99.8%	0.0%
2020	99.8%	99.8%	0.0%
2021	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%
2022	39.4%	3.7%	0.0%
2023	57.5%	2.6%	0.0%
2024	90.2%	83.0%	0.0%

Table 5. Adoption (%)

Year	All households	Low-income households
2017	44.8%	50.0%
2018	44.4%	46.9%
2019	46.5%	37.5%
2020	40.7%	50.0%
2021	46.5%	60.0%
2022	46.0%	83.1%
2023	41.4%	78.6%
2024	39.2%	80.0%

Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)

Tier	Coverage
25/3 Mbps	90.2%
100/20 Mbps	83.0%
1 Gbps	0.0%

Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)

Metric	Tribal	National
25/3 Mbps	90.2%	92%
100/20 Mbps	83.0%	85%
Adoption	39.2%	78%

Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.

Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)

Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)

Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)

Figure 5. Current Status (2024)

Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages

Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)

Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage

Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.

Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary

Metric	Value
Fixed broadband providers	7
Mobile broadband providers	3
Broadband serviceable locations	544

Table 9. Broadband Providers

Fixed	Mobile
AT&T Inc.	AT&T Inc.
ATN International, Inc.	GCI Holdings LLC
GCI Holdings LLC	Verizon Communications Inc.
EchoStar Corporation	—
SPITwSPOTS Inc.	—
Viasat, Inc.	—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.	—

Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)

Technology	25/3	100/20	250/25	1 Gbps
Any Technology	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	6.6%
Fiber	0.2%	0.2%	0.0%	0.0%
Cable	3.3%	3.3%	3.3%	0.0%
Fixed Wireless	91.5%	90.1%	80.1%	6.6%
Copper (DSL)	13.8%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Satellite	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%	0.0%

Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)

Technology	Coverage
4G LTE	100.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)	88.8%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)	16.3%
Total area (sq mi)	24.542

Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)

Dec. 2022

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	78.1	78.1	78.1	75.2	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	20.8	20.6	12.3	4.0	4.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	38.6	38.4	30.1	4.0	4.0
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	75.2	4.0
Any Terrestrial	83.7	83.7	80.9	75.2	4.0
Cable	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
Cable/Fiber	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0	4.0
Copper	17.2	17.0	8.3	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	17.8	17.8	17.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	75.6	75.6	75.6	75.2	0.0

June 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	80.4	80.4	80.4	76.2	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	30.6	29.6	16.3	3.4	3.4
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	56.5	55.4	42.1	3.4	3.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	3.4
Any Terrestrial	89.7	89.7	85.7	76.2	3.4
Cable	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
Cable/Fiber	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4	3.4
Copper	27.6	26.6	12.9	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	25.8	25.8	25.8	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	76.8	76.8	76.8	76.2	0.0

Dec. 2023

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	81.7	81.7	81.7	77.7	0.0
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	33.1	32.2	19.5	6.9	6.9
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	62.2	61.2	48.5	6.9	6.9
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	6.9
Any Terrestrial	90.1	90.1	86.7	77.7	6.9
Cable	6.9	6.9	6.9	6.9	6.9
Cable/Fiber	6.9	6.9	6.9	6.9	6.9
Copper	26.2	25.3	12.6	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	29.0	29.0	29.0	0.0	0.0
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	77.7	77.7	77.7	77.7	0.0

June 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25
All Fixed Wireless	83.0	83.0	83.0	80.8	48.7
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	31.6	30.6	17.2	3.7	3.7
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	78.8	78.8	70.3	51.7	51.7
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	51.7
Any Terrestrial	91.9	91.9	88.2	80.8	51.7
Cable	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7
Cable/Fiber	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.7
Copper	27.9	26.9	13.5	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	56.6	56.6	56.6	48.7	48.7
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	75.8	75.8	75.8	75.8	0.0

Dec. 2024

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	91.9	91.9	91.9	90.5	81.3	7.3
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
All Wired	32.1	31.2	17.8	4.2	4.2	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	92.8	92.8	90.1	84.0	84.0	7.3
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	84.0	7.3
Any Terrestrial	96.3	96.3	95.0	90.5	84.0	7.3
Cable	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
Cable/Fiber	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	4.2	0.0
Copper	27.9	27.0	13.6	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	83.8	83.8	83.8	81.3	81.3	7.3
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	11.2	11.2	11.2	9.2	0.0	0.0

June 2025

Technology	2/2	10/1	25/3	100/20	250/25	1000/100
All Fixed Wireless	91.5	91.5	91.5	90.1	80.2	6.6
All Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
All Wired	28.9	27.9	17.1	3.3	3.3	0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless	90.8	90.8	88.0	81.8	81.8	6.4
Any Technology	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	6.6
Any Terrestrial	96.1	96.1	94.8	90.1	82.0	6.6
Cable	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	0.0
Cable/Fiber	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.3	0.0
Copper	25.6	24.6	13.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Fiber	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
GSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless	82.5	82.5	82.5	80.0	80.0	6.4
NGSO Satellite	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	0.0
Other	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless	14.7	14.7	14.7	10.3	0.2	0.2

FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.

Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.