The full tribal profile includes the report map, demographic tables, broadband tables, FCC provider sections, and interactive charts.
100.0%25/3 availability
100.0%100/20 availability
0.0%1000/100 availability
5Fixed providers
Figure 1. Location of Kivalina within Alaska, with boundary detail (inset).
About the Tribal Area
In Alaska, Native Village of Kivalina serves as the core village for this alaska native village. FCC BDC records show 5 fixed providers and 1 mobile providers across roughly 122 service locations, with current availability of 100.0% at 25/3 Mbps, and 100.0% at 100/20.
Tribal Area Description
Located in Alaska, Kivalina is a Alaska Native Village with tribal lands. The land base is relevant for broadband planning due to rural service coverage and middle-mile access constraints.
Kivalina is located between the Chukchi Sea and Kivalina River at the tip of an 8-mile barrier reef. Erosion and wind-driven ice have resulted in plans to. Erosion and wind-driven ice have resulted in plans to relocate the village to a new site 2.5 miles away. Subsistence, including whaling, is an important part of the local economy.
Table 1. Demographics
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Population
683
776
905
769
813
809
Households
114
137
157
144
154
161
Median age
26.4
25.7
26.3
24.3
20.7
21.9
Male / Female
52.0% / 48.0%
50.3% / 49.7%
54.7% / 45.3%
59.4% / 40.6%
58.3% / 41.7%
57.7% / 42.3%
Avg. household size
5.66
5.36
5.50
5.34
5.28
5.02
Pop. density (per sq mi)
418.6
475.7
554.7
471.4
498.3
495.9
HH density (per sq mi)
69.9
84.0
96.2
88.3
94.4
98.7
Table 2. Economic & Education
Indicator
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Median household income
$53,750
$55,938
$59,688
$68,750
$70,278
$72,589
Per capita income
$20,678
$21,072
$22,311
$17,922
$17,416
$17,197
Poverty rate
27.7%
27.1%
26.6%
22.5%
22.1%
22.2%
Unemployment rate
20.5%
19.8%
17.2%
22.3%
23.7%
25.4%
HS diploma or higher
61.3%
65.3%
68.9%
65.8%
68.6%
68.1%
Bachelor's degree or higher
13.1%
12.8%
12.3%
2.9%
2.3%
1.1%
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates. Queried by AIANNHCE code. Population and household density are calculated from Census population or households divided by land area in square miles.
Table 3. Download/Upload Speeds (Mbps)
Period
Download
Upload
2019Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2019Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2019Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2019Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2020Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q2
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2021Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q1
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q2
5.2 Mbps
2.4 Mbps
2022Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2022Q4
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2023Q1
2.5 Mbps
2.9 Mbps
2023Q2
177.0 Mbps
14.1 Mbps
2023Q3
0.0 Mbps
0.0 Mbps
2023Q4
116.1 Mbps
19.7 Mbps
2024Q1
22.9 Mbps
13.7 Mbps
2024Q2
286.3 Mbps
14.6 Mbps
2024Q3
857.9 Mbps
66.1 Mbps
Table 4. Coverage by Tier (%)
Year
25/3
100/20
1 Gbps
2015
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2016
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2017
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2018
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2019
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2020
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2021
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2022
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2023
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
2024
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 5. Adoption (%)
Year
All households
Low-income households
2017
25.6%
25.0%
2018
30.8%
26.1%
2019
20.2%
18.8%
2020
19.0%
36.8%
2021
13.4%
40.9%
2022
15.3%
52.9%
2023
23.4%
68.8%
2024
24.8%
68.2%
Table 6. Current Status (2024, %)
Tier
Coverage
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
1 Gbps
0.0%
Table 7. Comparison with National Averages (%)
Metric
Tribal
National
25/3 Mbps
100.0%
92%
100/20 Mbps
100.0%
85%
Adoption
24.8%
78%
Sources: FCC Broadband Data Collection, Ookla Open Data Initiative, and U.S. Census Bureau ACS 5-Year Estimates. National benchmarks are carried over from the report comparison section.
Figure 2. Speed Trends (2019–2024)
Figure 3. Availability (2015–2025)
Figure 4. Adoption (2017–2024)
Figure 5. Current Status (2024)
Figure 6. Comparison with National Averages
Figure 7. Fixed Coverage by Technology (25/3 Mbps)
Figure 8. Mobile Area Coverage
Notes: speed trends reflect quarterly mean throughput. Availability shows the share of population with access. Tooltips on the charts expose the underlying values for each series.
Table 8. Broadband Provider Summary
Metric
Value
Fixed broadband providers
5
Mobile broadband providers
1
Broadband serviceable locations
122
Table 9. Broadband Providers
Fixed
Mobile
GCI Holdings LLC
OTZ Telephone Cooperative, Inc.
EchoStar Corporation
—
OTZ Telephone Cooperative, Inc.
—
Viasat, Inc.
—
Space Exploration Technologies Corp.
—
Table 10. Fixed Coverage by Technology (% of locations)
Technology
25/3
100/20
250/25
1 Gbps
Any Technology
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Fiber
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Cable
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Fixed Wireless
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Copper (DSL)
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
Satellite
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
0.0%
Table 11. Mobile Coverage (% of area)
Technology
Coverage
4G LTE
99.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 1)
0.0%
5G-NR (Speed Tier 2)
0.0%
Total area (sq mi)
10.112
Table 8. Coverage by Tier and Technology (% of locations)
Dec. 2022
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2023
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Dec. 2024
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
June 2025
Technology
2/2
10/1
25/3
100/20
250/25
1000/100
All Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
All Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
All Wired and Licensed Fixed Wireless
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Technology
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Any Terrestrial
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Cable
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Cable/Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Copper
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Fiber
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
GSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Licensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
NGSO Satellite
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
0.0
Other
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Unlicensed Fixed Wireless
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 filing vintage. Coverage values show the share of residential broadband serviceable locations by technology and speed tier across D22, J23, D23, J24, D24, and J25 filings.
Source: FCC Broadband Data Collection (BDC), June 2025 Filing (J25). Fixed coverage shows the share of residential broadband serviceable locations, and mobile coverage shows the share of tribal land area.